Phentermine is a tablet that is used
in the short-term management of obesity. It comes in various colours,
in tablet or capsule form and in strengths of 15, 30 and 37.5 milligram.
Phentermine works by suppressing appetite via a central
mechanism in the brain. Use of Phentermine in combination with other
appetite suppressant medicine is generally not recommended.
Phentermine is an effective form of therapy for obese
patients who need to lose weight to decrease diseases associated
with obesity. The magnitude of the weight loss through using Phentermine
will depend on the degree of caloric restriction and the use of
a graded exercise program.
Phentermine should be used as a short term drug to
help patients to start losing weight while the patient is undergoing
permanent long term changes in their attitude towards food and exercise.
The body starts to build up a resistance to the effects of Phentermine
after a few weeks of treatment, by which time the patient should
be well on their way to a new lifestyle and ready to stop taking
Phentermine while continuing to maintain a healthy weight on their
own.
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- Adipex-P
- Fastin
- Ionamin
- Obenix
- Obephen
- Oby-Cap
- Oby-Trim
- Panshape M
- Phentercot
- Phentride
- Pro-Fast (HS,SA,SR)
- Teramine
- Zantryl
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Taking Phentermine is not a substitute for proper
diet. For maximum effect, Phentermine must be used in conjunction
with a diet and exercise program.
Phentermine is the generic name of the drug. It is
distributed under different brand names including ADIPEX-P and IONAMIN.
There are many popular brand names of Phentermine. In terms of fighting
obesity, they are all considered clinically equivalent in producing
weight loss. Phentermine comes in immediate release or time-release
formulas. Immediate release Phentermine pills enter the blood stream
as soon as they are taken and time-release Phentermine capsules
release their medication into the body over an extended period of
time, generally 8 or 12 hours.
Phentermine is a phenethylamine primary used as an
appetite suppressant. It is typically prescribed for individuals
who are at increased medical risk because of their weight, as opposed
to cosmetic weight loss.
Phentermine is sold either as an immediate-release
formulation (Adipex®) or as a slow-release resin (Ionamin®,
Duromine® in Australia and New Zealand).
Phentermine is still available by itself in most countries,
including the U.S. However, because it is similar to the amphetamines,
individuals may develop an addiction to it. Hence, it is classified
as a controlled substance in many countries. Internationally, phentermine
is a schedule IV drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances
(PDF file). In the United States, it is classified as a Schedule
IV controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act.
Mechanism of action
Phentermine, as many other prescription drugs, works
with neurotransmitters in the brain. It is a centrally-acting stimulant
chemically related to the amphetamines. It stimulates neuron bundles
to release a particular group of neurotransmitters known as catecholamines;
these include dopamine, epinephrine (also known as adrenalin), and
norepinephrine (noradrenaline). This is the same mechanism of action
as other stimulant appetite suppresants such as sibutramine, diethylpropion,
and dextroamphetamine.
The neurotransmitters signal a fight-or-flight response
in the body which, in turn, puts a halt to the hunger signal. As
a result, it causes a loss in appetite because the brain does not
receive the hunger message.
Clinical use
Generally, it is recommended by the FDA that phentermine
should be used short-term (usually interpreted as 'up to 12 weeks'),
while following nonpharmacological approaches to weight loss such
as healthy dieting and exercise. However, recommendations limiting
its use for short-term treatment may be controversial. One reason
given behind limiting its use to 12 weeks is drug tolerance, whereby
phentermine loses its appetite-suppressing effects after the body
adjusts to the drug. On the contrary, it has been shown that phentermine
did not lose effectiveness in a 36-week trial (PMID 11054601). However,
the risk of drug addiction may be a significant reason in limiting
phentermine for short-term use.
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